Executive Branch, Rome - 2 Consuls, one-year terms, each has veto power, controls the military, could appoint a dictator in a crisis for a six-month term
Executive Branch, USA - President plus Vice president, four-year terms, can veto proposed laws, commander in chief of the military
Legislative branch, Rome - Senate of 300, they were aristocrats, lifetime term, Assemble (either or tribal) 193 members
Legislative Branch, USA - Senate of 100 (two from each state) for a six-year term, the house of reps (435 members) two-year term
Judicial Branch, Rome - Praetors, Chosen by the centuriate assembly, One-year terms
Judicial Branch, USA - Supreme court, nine members, lifetime term, appointed by the president confirmed by the Senate
Legal code, Rome (Twelve tables) - Public displayed, gave rights to plebs and not just Democrats, only protected freeborn male citizens
Legal code, USA - The first ten Amendments to the constitution
A Roman legion is a group of soldiers 5000 to be exact, Heavy infantry, exclusively selected from Roman citizens
A century - (Another Group of soldiers) eighty people
Calvary on horseback
Shield, Sword, Dagger, Armor
Punic wars Rome versus cartage
First Punic war Naval battle (264-241)
Second Punic war Carthage lead by general Hannibal try’s to sneak up and around Rome (218-201)
Third Punic war Rome attacks Carthage and lays waste to them by burning everything and taking all survivors as slaves (149-149)
Slaves poured into Italy
By the end of the second century, there were one million slaves
Farmers lost their land due to debt and not being able to make payment.
The really large farms turned into estates called latafundia
To keep the plebs from revolting because of all their lost land Romes government dished out called bread and Circuses
Bread was free grains for eating and the Circuses was entertainment so it would keep all of the Plebs distracted from how bad their life really was.
Soldiers loyalty was to the general and not to Rome
Julius Creaser (100-44) Very successful general, Conquered Gaul and named himself the governor of Gaul, made common folks happy, Made friends in High places.
Pompey is jealous and becomes his rival Their army fight in war and Caeser wins
44 BC Caeser is named dictator of Rome for life
Expanded the Senate by adding his friends
Creates jobs for the poor
Increased pay for soldiers
Started colonies for people without property
Caesar was assassinated by the Senate
The senators lured him into the Senate for a meeting and then stabbed him 23 times.( even his friend Brutus was in on it.·
Octavian was named Julius Caesers sole heir
Takes over at 18
Hires Mark Antony an inexperienced general
Octavian and Mark Antony become Rivals
Mark Antony teams up with Cleopatra and they take on Octavian
Octavian’s wins and is now the unchallenged ruler of Rome
Rome is now an empire
Ruler for 40 years (27 BC to 14AD)
Tiberius (14AD to 37AD) good general but didn’t really want to be an emperor. Eventually exiled himself from Rome and went to live on an island
Caligula (37AD- 41AD) Known for his cruelty to his people. Assassinated by a group of praetorian guards, senators, and the Impearl court, trying to reestablish the republic.
Claudius ( 41- 54 AD) He was a limp, Stammered, shaking, slobbering. Took over because he was the last male in the family. Ruled well-built roads, aqueducts, canals, and stated the conquest of Britain. Died because his wife poisoned him.
Nero ( 54-68 AD) Only cared about making the empire look good. Did nothing when Rome burned. Overspend and even raided the temple for money.
